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ADreamOfLiberty

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Posted in:
Republicans cut taxes for wealthy people while leaving students to fend for themselves
Maybe oromagi will reign in the public shaming from IWRA
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Choice is clearly a factor in determining sexuality
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@Double_R
I don't call myself an expert in anything except maybe software architecture and even then I wouldn't dare to imply that no one else could debate it.
I've never implied that only experts could debate a subject, so we're in agreement.
That is the only option if you think you can appeal to authority as a non-authority/non-expert and drop the mic.


If the knowledge is true they also know the best arguments to attain that knowledge.
Argumentation is a skill separate from the expertise of any given field, so that's not necessarily true.
Fine, but if they're incapable of communicating the rationale there is no way to know if they're an expert, because (for the 400th time) the only proof of expertise is having the best argument.


Which is simpler, to believe in your conspiracy theory about all the priests lying or to simply accept that they know what they're talking about after decades of study and contemplation?
lol at the king of conspiracy theories trying to hurl it out as a pajoritive.

No one here is claiming all priests are lying. You love knocking down arguments you entirely made up.

I accept entirely that priests know what they're talking about when it comes to the book they've been studying their whole lives. I've made this clear repeatedly, you pretend I haven't because it's inconvenient for you.
"The king of conspiracy theorists", and I'm the one with the strawmen?

No, every time you appeal to authority and I ask for a real argument you accuse me of being a conspiracy theorists because in your mind I need to doubt "every qualified expert in the world" in order to doubt your appeal to authority.

You called it a conspiracy theory to suggest that reporters would run a story about corruption because an ambassador started talking about corruption. That's your idea of a conspiracy theory.

So I'm not letting you slink away on this:

No one here is claiming all priests are lying.
Then how can you deny their conclusions?




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NETFLIX New Documentary produced by RACIST Jada Pickett Smith = BLACK WASHING HISTORY!
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@Athias
It's not exactly an assumption, an informed guess. Yes.
Informed by what? The misconception that lighter-skinned Negroid individuals must necessarily have a Caucasoid ancestor?
Lighter skin (excluding albinism) is as far as I known a sure sign of mixing with non SSA10kBC.

In the US indoeuropeans are the most common source of lighter skinned genes. Also my subconscious also says there is something about the forehead and eyes that is european.


I don't know who calls modern Hungarians, Turks, and Romanians "people of color" but they are not SSA10kBC.
I do. I've been in the company of some. But I also acknowledge that they are not a monochromatic geographic group. Just like I acknowledge the government designation of so-called "Black" does not apply to a monochromatic geographic group. And since you've continued to mention SSA10kBC and "dark skin"  in place of so-called "Blacks," let me propose this question: does SSA10kBC and "dark skin" = SO-CALLED "BLACKS"; and SO-CALLED "BLACKS" = SSA10kBC and "dark skin"?
SSA10kBC is my attempt to consolidate a vauge concept to a precise one. SSA10kBC ~= SO-CALLED "BLACKS" (the race)

SSA10kBC is a subset of "dark skin". They had dark skin and without mixing continue to have dark skin.

There are other groups in 10k BC that also had dark skin. Australians for instance had and still have (when unmixed) very dark skin.



Historical Turks and Hungarians were steppe people that diverged from the indo-europeans before they were indo-europeans. [That's why their language is not indo-european].
Because Indo-European isn't necessarily an "ethnic" group; they're a language-based (linguistic) group. All the more reason I question the reason you're associating strict "Whiteness" to them based solely on migration patterns.
To have a language you need people. Thus there were indo-europeans. The language can spread faster or slower than the genes.

There are only two options: Indoeuropeans were white OR indoeuropeans were white and everywhere they moved to and mixed with were white already

Some degree of the latter is almost certainly true


They were also white (reflective) as they are today and as would be expected by the latitude they lived.
The latitude argument does not help your case especially considering Greece/Macedonia shares a latitude  with the "people of color" in the Middle East and parts of South East Asia.
Racial categorization is already enough of a mess, I have no interest in figuring out what "people of color" means if it doesn't mean dark skin.

Sedentary populations from 10kBC and before at 40 degrees north have light skin. I know of no exceptions. Therefore this "people of color" stuff has no bearing on my case.


The commonality after the split is the substantiation that it existed before the split. The only alternative is that the trait simultaneously appeared in isolated populations. This is unlikely. Again this observation is the heart of all evolutionary analysis.
Using a "concordance" of genetic clusters and migrations patterns. I would understand if you were talking about the southern most parts of the African Continent and the northern most parts of the European continent where skin albedo can be a somewhat sufficient proxy. But our focus is Greece which neighbors Northern Africa, (which has not escaped my notice that you've excluded) Iraq (formerly the Parthian Empire) the Arabian Peninsula/Plate, the Middle East, etc.
Excluded? Did I give a list?

SSA10kBC weren't really in the afro-asiatic zone at that time either. Obviously (as could be expected) there were far more SSA10kBC cultural/genetic exchange, but it takes more than a small influx to start to affect gene frequencies to a noticeable degree.

The peoples of the afroasiatic zone today and then were darker than the indoeuropean zone but they were still much lighter than SSA10kBC. In the middle third of albedo, probably closer to to the whiter 1/3 than the darker 1/3.


People get around, but one guy/gal in a 100,000
What is the basis of this estimation?
The lack of detectable genetic markers even to this day. In fact I believe I saw an article about the remarkably homogeneity of genetic makeup of Greece of today compared to then.


isn't going to alter the gene frequency of the population. i.e. he won't cause the population of the region in a thousand years to have "significant ancestry" in wherever he came from.
And since when is "skin albedo" a reliable proxy for "gene frequency" especially if the geographic groups are relatively close, e.g. Greece and  indigenous North Africa?
We know the skin albedo is caused by gene frequency. It's not that one is a proxy for another, it's that if gene frequency is not changed neither will skin albedo.


You mean you consider it unsubstantiated until it is somehow ruled out that she or her parents were very genetically very unusual for the region they came from?
Genetic abnormalities in relation to the region necessarily resulting in what?
I don't understand.


All you've offered so far is this:

- Greece is directly descended from the Indo-Europeans (linguistic group) who migrated from North of the Black Sea.

- Pure Indo-Europeans are exclusively so-called "White," given that in precivilization, skin "albedo," as you allege was a reliable indicator of genetic selection.
Um, skin albedo is and was a reliable indicator of the presence of the genes which control it. We know the indoeuropeans were white because everywhere they migrated people are white today (or rather were until significant migrations from outside occurred).


- Macedonia during the Helenistic Age comprised of an exclusively so-called "White" population given that pure Indo-Europeans were exclusively so-called, "White."
Or so nearly exclusively as to make any exception very remarkable and therefore the lack of contemporary remark would be absurd.

- Subsaharan Africans 12,000 years ago unlikely provided enough genetically frequent selection in the area for descendants to be labeled so-called "Black."
That's not a matter of liklihood, if there was a significant ancestry 2000 years ago it would still be detectable and it isn't.


I've contended:
- Even if we were to analyze the Indo-Europeans of 7000 years ago who were North of the Black Sea as you've proposed, the Hamangia Culture cultivated in that region would indicate an African presence given that the artifacts are very similar to Ethiopian artifacts.
That would be interesting to look at. Mainstream archeology says were were barely learning how to farm 7000 years ago and cities were rare special places. In such a world traveling long distances would not be easy; but of course it could be done given enough time or will.

Unfortuantely we would also know that if there was a migration from Ethopia 7000 years ago, that population died before it had time to mix genes with neighboring populations to any degree.

- Migration patterns of Linguistic groups is not an indicator of so-called "Whiteness"
When combined with the end state of the migrations (what we observed during the historical period) it is.


Except the contention was against her being so-called, "Black," not necessarily "dark skinned."
Either way...


When someone (the people who made this movie) chooses to grasp at tiny probabilities the motivation must be questioned.
TINY PROBABILITIES =/= FALSE.
In many contexts including this one they have the same result.
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Supreme Court rejects affirmative action in ruling on universities using race
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@Savant
Very much by design, you see they steal the money, and then they offer it to potential students but only if they attend a state sanctioned school. Also they steal money and give it straight to the state sanctioned school.

I believe the center of this case was Harvard which was founded in 1636. It predates the US government...
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Supreme Court rejects affirmative action in ruling on universities using race
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@TheTrojanHorse
Ohhh ho ho, no if there is one thing in this whole world that we do not need more of, it's paying more money to higher education regardless of results.
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Supreme Court rejects affirmative action in ruling on universities using race
I disagree with this decision. The civil rights act is government over reach when applied to purely private institutions.

Since it passed though, this is the correct analysis.
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Choice is clearly a factor in determining sexuality
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@TWS1405_2
Even normal things have causes....
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Choice is clearly a factor in determining sexuality
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@Double_R
Now imagine if that wasn't true and we were to try and debate without being experts?

That's right, we'd be wasting our time.
Do you even know what the word expert means? You really think you're an expert because you used Google?

So exactly how many subjects do you consider yourself to be an expert on BTW, because according to you that would apparently be every topic you've ever engaged in.
lol, I'm mocking you. I don't call myself an expert in anything except maybe software architecture and even then I wouldn't dare to imply that no one else could debate it. An expert is someone with a relatively high completeness of domain knowledge. If the knowledge is true they also know the best arguments to attain that knowledge.


They would say they study god, and they agree with each other so maybe you should trust the experts.
They study a book claiming there is a God. That is an objective fact.
Which is simpler, to believe in your conspiracy theory about all the priests lying or to simply accept that they know what they're talking about after decades of study and contemplation?


How do you know that priests do not conduct scientific experimentation?
Because if they did they would show it.
ah, to show is more than to assert it seems.
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Another Major Failure for Elon Musk
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@FLRW
If that thing can bus a 1000kg to Mars for $10,000,000 they'll make $50 billion before people get tired of it.
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Do you think that LGBT will accept pedophiles?
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@FLRW
Yea but what else is a pansexual luciferian practicing pedastry behind closed doors going to say?
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Choice is clearly a factor in determining sexuality
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@Double_R
We're in the forum section, this is not a formal debate.
So the formal debate section is for appealing to popularity and this section is for appealing to authority.


It's like hearsay, if you have time to get to the original authority you don't multiply error by using a proxy.
It's not about time, it's about how much effort should be put into any given discission.
It's easiest of all to simply state your opinion.


we would just sit here researching until we are qualified experts ourselves.
Debate makes you an expert faster than anything else. When you can find a teacher who understands that it's quite the blessing. Now imagine if that wasn't true and we were to try and debate without being experts?

That's right, we'd be wasting our time. Just like you waste time by link dumping. Just look at public choice here. Has anyone actually read all those links? Clicked on them?

No, all you did was point out the fact that the WebMD quote said nothing about genes. All that information. All that "expertise." Didn't matter at all to you.

If you are already sure you can't make a good argument for a conclusion you shouldn't be trying to debate it.


Priests study for a lifetime, in fact Occam was clergy I believe. Is it the simpler explanation that all these people who study and debate constantly are wrong about god?
Priests are not studying God, they are studying a book that claims there is a God.
They would say they study god, and they agree with each other so maybe you should trust the experts.


If the question is about whether God exists, that's a question best addressed by science. Priests do not conduct scientific experimentation, so they are not valid proxy's for that question.
How do you know that priests do not conduct scientific experimentation? If they say they do they're the experts and you aren't.


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Choice is clearly a factor in determining sexuality
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@Kaitlyn
I haven't read into much of the homosexual literature, but I don't understand how a self-deleting genetic expression (i.e. homosexual sex engage procreate) would be so prevalent amongst humans. In an evolutionary sense, it should be selected against because homosexual sex can't procreate, thus the genes won't be passed on.

Unless it's epigenetic and thus activates in certain conditions, how is biological deterministic homosexuality so prevalent? 
1.) Read the selfish gene by Richard Dawkins, a gene isn't self-deleting if it can help reproduce itself. It doesn't need to do that using the exact organism of expression. For example drone hymenopterans don't reproduce, but they help reproduce the genes that created them.
I don't see how homosexuality helps with reproduction at all

I am not convinced this hypothesis is correct for human sexual deviancy even if it is theoretically possible, and even if it was true the sexual deviancy would be a secondary trait; not the one selected for.
Which hypothesis are you referring to? 
The hypothesis is that sexual deviants don't form reproductive relationships. Being "freed" of their own batch of children yet saddled with the instinct to support their bloodline they help siblings, perhaps cousins too; with their kids.

The gene in the sexual deviant is selfishly promoting itself increasing the success rate of nieces and nephews.

To be a selective benefit this requires that the success rate is increased sufficiently to overcome the reduction of offspring. That in itself wouldn't be too surprising, our species is near the top of the "quality over quantity" pyramid when it comes to reproduction.

The reason I am not convinced is because somebody has got to have kids, which means the trait must at least be recessive, and even a recessive trait would have been isolated long ago.

Therefore we know that at most genetics is introducing a vulnerability to sexual deviancy, which is quite an unremarkable statement as everything that happens non-deterministically exists within the boundary of what genetics allows. To say it isn't genetically determined never means genetics has nothing to do with it.

3.) oromagi has formed conclusions about this matter, however I found it nearly impossible to confirm anything related to genetics due to paywalls (I really hate the idea of paywalls protecting scientific literature)
If you're able to get the DOI for the paper, you can bypass paywalls by putting the DOI into SciHub.
What a glorious idea SciHub appears to be. I will certainly try if I get some time this weekend.


If homosexuality isn't a choice and can't be change, but it's also not genetic, what then determines it?
Control systems beyond our conscious control. That can be the subconscious (which is probably the answer), or it could be gene switching (expressed proteins can change even with identical DNA), or it could be a pure chemical equilibrium of some complexity.


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NETFLIX New Documentary produced by RACIST Jada Pickett Smith = BLACK WASHING HISTORY!
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@Athias
It's also certain that since there are no recessive traits (of any commonality) of the people of subsaharan africa circa 10,000 BC [From now on I shall call this group of people SSA10kBC] which give such reflective skin: Steph Curry also has significant ancestry from humans outside that group, probably indoeuropeans by the look of him.
So you're assuming that by the look of him, (and I don't dispute it since I don't know Curry's genealogical history) that he has pure Indo-european ancestry--which you have taken to mean, "white?"
It's not exactly an assumption, an informed guess. Yes.

I am not saying "the white race", I'm saying that they were one of many many peoples that by that time were white (reflective, or rather more transparent skin).

That is the group of people who were north of the black sea 7000 years ago were all white.
A group of strictly so-called "whites" who cultivated the Hamangia culture 7000 years ago despite their geographical neighbors like Hungary and Turkey and even Romania bearing, what we call today, people of "color?"
The genealogy, the archeological culture, and the linguistic analysis can't be perfectly correlated. To say one particular group of burial mounds was "the original indo-europeans" is probably never going to be a provable statement.

I don't know who calls modern Hungarians, Turks, and Romanians "people of color" but they are not SSA10kBC. And they do not have dark skin.

Historical Turks and Hungarians were steppe people that diverged from the indo-europeans before they were indo-europeans. [That's why their language is not indo-european].

They were also white (reflective) as they are today and as would be expected by the latitude they lived.


We know this because they went in different directions and everywhere they went people are white. This is a basic technique of identifying hereditary traits including language and speciation. The common trait after splitting was present before the split.
You haven't substantiated the "trait" before the so-called "split."

Macedon and Hellas were white. Her parents both came from white populations. Whiteness is inherited. She was therefore white.
Please substantiate this. You don't necessarily have to make a reference. A detailed explanation will suffice as well.
The commonality after the split is the substantiation that it existed before the split. The only alternative is that the trait simultaneously appeared in isolated populations. This is unlikely. Again this observation is the heart of all evolutionary analysis.


The race in question can loosely be defined as SSA10kBC and all those with significant ancestry in that group.

The split between the gene group "Macedonian" and SSA10kBC would be 80,000 years ago (or longer). No one who left before 10k BC would be direct descendants and the subsequent gene outflows from SSA10kBC were insignificant.
And how many so-called "Black" people, or those who governments designate as so-called "Black" are closely descended SSA10kBC? And why are we setting the parameter to that which we consider so-called "Black" as closely descended from Sub-Saharan Africans 10,000 BC?
I don't know, but I'm fairly certain that no other precise collection of ancestors would have higher correlation with the modern categorization "black people".

I don't know who you've been talking to where turks are considered "PoC" (or black or whatever).


Not all people with white skin are macedonian, but all macedonians had white skin (at that point). Someone without white skin is someone whose skin is certainly dissimilar to Cleopatra.
Please substantiate.
See above.


I can provide my own contention and substantiate that there were in fact so-called "Blacks" in Macedonia, Greece, Rome, (modern day) Germany, (modern day) Scandinavia, Hungary, Turkey, (modern day) Ukraine, Russia, etc.
People get around, but one guy/gal in a 100,000 isn't going to alter the gene frequency of the population. i.e. he won't cause the population of the region in a thousand years to have "significant ancestry" in wherever he came from.


But that would only be necessary if I were proposing that Cleopatra was indeed so-called "Black." I bear no such obligation. Only those who claim that she would be exempt or excluded from the designation of so-called "Black." And I intend to hold you accountable to providing rigorous argumentation which verifies your position.
You mean you consider it unsubstantiated until it is somehow ruled out that she or her parents were very genetically very unusual for the region they came from?

I mean she might have been native American, you can't rule out an insane ocean voyage where her parents came over (or greater grandparents) and nobody wrote down any commentary about their unusual features that we've found.

In fact she might have been a sasquatch. Nobody wrote down "She was definitely not covered in hair standing 2.5 meters tall".

It's enough to say that any possible argument that she was SSA10kBC OR dark skinned has no evidence and the probability that her family was genetically similar to the rest of Macedon was 99.9% (verified by genetic legacy today).

When someone (the people who made this movie) chooses to grasp at tiny probabilities the motivation must be questioned.
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@Athias
Pure indo-europoeans would be in the 1/3 most reflective albedo (all of them).
And this is controlled for chronologically? Or is this an assumption based how census data collects this information since it has started--the census data, that is?
Census is not required for entirely genetic traits. Gene frequency in a population can only change through mixing or selection. Selection over the course of 10,000 years is already questionable and it can be flatly rejected when the selective forces involved have remained constant or been removed from the equation.

You might be able to argue that all populations have been getting whiter as clothing availability increased, but there are contemporary clues that would make that unlikely. Plus, I believe the genes involved have been mostly identified. I'm sure we would have heard such startling news and they have been sequencing ancient DNA whenever possible.

Steph is presumably so-called "Black." And his parents, too, are presumably so-called "Black." And when you compare Steph Curry and his siblings Sydel and Seth, you can tell there's a difference in "reflective albedo" despite their being born (presumably) to the same parents.
It's basic Mendelian genetics that descendants can express traits that neither parent do. If "so-called black" means significant ancestry from the people of subsaharan africa circa 10,000 BC then they are "so-called black" (based on other racial cues).

It's also certain that since there are no recessive traits (of any commonality) of the people of subsaharan africa circa 10,000 BC [From now on I shall call this group of people SSA10kBC] which give such reflective skin: Steph Curry also has significant ancestry from humans outside that group, probably indoeuropeans by the look of him.

My point is this: stating that Indo-Europeans are purely so-called "White" or descended from those, who modern governments would characterize as purely so-called "White" has not been substantiated.
I didn't say indo-europeans are purely white, I said pure indo-europeans are all white (or top 1/3 reflective which I guess I'm allowed to call "white").

That is the group of people who were north of the black sea 7000 years ago were all white. We know this because they went in different directions and everywhere they went people are white. This is a basic technique of identifying hereditary traits including language and speciation. The common trait after splitting was present before the split.

Macedon and Hellas were white. Her parents both came from white populations. Whiteness is inherited. She was therefore white.


i.e. being the queen of an African country and ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom which spanned from Northeast Africa, the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, and parts of the Middle East (You can correct me if I'm wrong.)
You aren't, I'm a major history buff and within that interest I have spent way too much time on the hellenic scene.

Now if we're talking about so-called "race," then I'm still waiting on those who dispute that she is so-called "Black" to substantiate how Cleopatra is "exempt" or "excluded" because she was Macedonian.
The race in question can loosely be defined as SSA10kBC and all those with significant ancestry in that group.

The split between the gene group "Macedonian" and SSA10kBC would be 80,000 years ago (or longer). No one who left before 10k BC would be direct descendants and the subsequent gene outflows from SSA10kBC were insignificant.


So what was the point of "reflective albedo"?
Straightforward categorical exclusion: Not all people with white skin are macedonian, but all macedonians had white skin (at that point). Someone without white skin is someone whose skin is certainly dissimilar to Cleopatra.

Inaccuracy for the sake of practicality might be forgiven. However the perception here is that the inaccuracy is intentional to give a false impression of race in history.


Cleopatra would not qualify for either sense of the word. Her skin would have been in the top 1/3 of reflectivity and she would not have any large proportion of ancestry from subsaharan africa 12,000 years ago (10,000 years before her birth).
Since when were we restricting the parameters to "Subsaharan Africa"? Again, I ask you to explain:

INDO-EUROPEAN =/= SO-CALLED "BLACK."
Indo-European != SSA10kBC
Indo-European != Dark Skin

These two facts don't cause one each other, they are merely correlated such that dark skin implies non-indoeuropean or not pure indo-european.

SSA10kBC arises because that is the racial definition (as good as you're going to get) for the "black race".

If you told me the actor had dark skin, I could tell you her skin isn't the same as Cleopatra's. That would not tell me that the actress is SSA10kBC, but from context I gather she is.


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Choice is clearly a factor in determining sexuality
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@Double_R
Any absence of evidence cannot be used to form a conclusion
That fallacy is called appeal to ignorance. It's also more complicated than that when a finite list of hypotheses are the only explanation.


The disagreement here is apparently that the say so of an expert cannot be used as evidence by any rationally thinking person and therefore should be a priori discarded.
No, the disagreement is about when it is appropriate to use proxies like that.

In fact ad populum isn't a fallacy when making decisions with limited information in time critical situations. i.e. if everybody is running from something, it's not a fallacy to run the same way.

Poisoning the well isn't a fallacy when choosing who to trust.

They are part of a family of secondary (proxy) inductive pseudo-arguments that are fallacies in the context of debate.

It's like hearsay, if you have time to get to the original authority you don't multiply error by using a proxy.

If someone is an expert, they have a good argument. Trusting an expert is a proxy.

If people are running down the street they might have a good reason. Their action is a proxy for the good reason.

If someone is a pathological liar and sophist it's not a good idea to take them at their word, but if they are giving you an argument you don't need to take them at their word.

Now you may feel this forum qualifies as a situation described by "limited information in time critical situation" but you're on a debate site so it doesn't. Don't hide behind proxies. Choose between these options:

1.) Make an assertion of your own opinion without support
 1.a) When challenged for support use a real argument
 1.b) When challenged disclaim the assertion, ideally by retracting it but saying "you don't have time to figure it out" is better than nothing.

2.) Make an assertion and support it with a real argument

I also know you don't understand those aren't pseudo-arguments because you've tried to stand them up next to real arguments before.


fallacies are implied inference; and your useless  link dumping implies support for a conclusion
It absolutely does imply support for the conclusion.
Hence I was correct to criticize you for using a fallacy.


That doesn't mean they're right, but it does mean that the claim is at the very least credible, and it means if the claim is wrong it goes against the lifetime of study these folks have engaged in.
Priests study for a lifetime, in fact Occam was clergy I believe. Is it the simpler explanation that all these people who study and debate constantly are wrong about god?


So applying Occam's razor, the simpler explanation is that sexuality is not a choice, because all I have to assume is that their studies and experience have yeilded an accurate understanding of reality.
It's always the simpler choice for those content in ignorance to trust. You do not belong here with that attitude.
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NETFLIX New Documentary produced by RACIST Jada Pickett Smith = BLACK WASHING HISTORY!
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@Athias
Explain:

GREEKS OF HELENISTIC AGE =/= SO-CALLED "BLACK."
"Black" is a heavy simplification of the higher end of non-radiation-induced skin pigmentation (melanin).

Although I have not seen statistics it's obvious that the albedo of a person's skin could be measured. Given a significant sample size from all genetic clusters you would find that the darkest (least reflective) third would be categorized as "black skin" by most English speakers.

Pure indo-europoeans would be in the 1/3 most reflective albedo (all of them).

Everybody is of african descent, but there have been uncountable exoduses from Africa and the vast majority of Cleopatra's ancestors probably left Africa over 80,000 years ago.
My ancestors probably left Africa 80,000 years ago. How does that explain Cleopatra's presumable "exemption" from a demographic governments today label as "Black"?
I haven't a clue what your skin albedo is nor whether a government would label you "Black", however the recentness of exodus from Africa is not the primary predictor.

You asked both about "black" and "africa".

As explained pure indo-europoeans would be in the 1/3 most reflective albedo. So would east Asians north of Vietnam. So would native Americans north of Texas. The melanin producing genes are readily susceptible to change (small mutations have big impacts) and the competing interests of vitamin D production vs skin damage & cancer explain why latitude fairly well predicts albedo given a thousand years of pre-civilized selection.

Post civilization is a different story, people can wear clothing to protect from the sun and regularly acquire otherwise rare foods with vitamin D.

Africa is and has been for a hundred thousand years the largest population (by far) of humans living in harsh solar conditions without the benefit of constant thick canopy cover. Australia is a corroborating example.

In the past ten thousand years all humanity has become civilized (loosely speaking). Without strong selective pressure on skin pigment it now strongly indicates ancestry.

For this reason the genetic cluster of subsaharan humanity circa 12,000 years ago is also called "black". When the genetic cluster is being referred to, skin albedo is merely a proxy and it is not meant to imply that someone who has darker skin must qualify.

Cleopatra would not qualify for either sense of the word. Her skin would have been in the top 1/3 of reflectivity and she would not have any large proportion of ancestry from subsaharan africa 12,000 years ago (10,000 years before her birth).
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NETFLIX New Documentary produced by RACIST Jada Pickett Smith = BLACK WASHING HISTORY!
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@Athias
Macedonia was settled in prehistory by indo-europeans whose skin has never been darker than Arabs or Punjabi without external cross-breeding.

We know Cleopatra was genetically entirely helenistic.

Everybody is of african descent, but there have been uncountable exoduses from Africa and the vast majority of Cleopatra's ancestors probably left Africa over 80,000 years ago.
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RFK Jr. Proud Trump likes him
I didn't really know much about RFK until recently. Now that I've seen some of his interviews it's like he's radiating the message "I am not deep state".

Going straight for giant corporations entangled with government funding and regulation. I mean he goes straight for them, barely detours to talk about propaganda dept approved issues.

If he wins the democratic nomination I'm throwing a party, from then on it's a no-lose scenario:

Trump wins = win
RFK wins = win
Third party wins = win
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@Vegasgiants
Saying things that incur a burden of proof reduces my free time, I subconsciously avoid it so I can roll around like Socrates.

So I don't need nothing but to point out you have nothing, which was my first post in this thread.
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@Vegasgiants
Sure you are pal. I'm sure you didn't stroll up make an assertion, appeal to ignorance twenty times, get mocked a bit and then decide you destroyed arguments.
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@Double_R
as we use Occam's razor to determine what is most reasonable.
in the absence of evidence...


If you want to sit and sort through multiple scientific studies every single time you hear about a new discovery or anything you've never heard before be my guest. Most of us don't have that time nor care enough to do so. But if that's your standard for what you are willing to tentatively accept before you share your input with others then you need to be consistent and follow that same standard every single time you argue for anything.
Not every argument requires obscure data, in fact most of the important ones don't.

I have no problem with assertions as commentary, if you had said "sexual orientation is not a choice" etc... etc... I would have no comment.

No assertion is in itself a fallacy, fallacies are implied inference; and your useless  link dumping (and I know you are nowhere near alone in this) implies support for a conclusion. Note useless = containing bare assertions, arguments you should understand before making, and generally lacking any hard data.


P.S. I see this clown is baiting everyone by asking for authority instead of arguments. Don't think I'm giving him a pass.
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An appeal to reinstate Wylted as President.
[Sir.Lancelot] He has been reincarnated as a gold digger for the Soviet Union. All his original sins are wiped clean. Blank slate
Maybe multiple personalities intentional or otherwise aren't the best sign when it comes to trustworthiness...

I've had the same nickname for nearly a decade. When I sin, I apologize, I don't run away and adopt a new persona... if you're wondering about alternative lifestyles.
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@Double_R
I've explained to you why you're doing it (social reasoning) all wrong in detail before.
WebMD is not social reasoning, it's an organization of qualified medical experts whose purpose is to provide credible information to the general public.

You haven't explained why it's wrong for any non medical expert to tentatively accept the information it provides, what you've done is conflated the negative connotation to the word authority with expertise as an excuse to hand waive away any information you don't like.
The WebMD statement was completely true as far as I can tell, so I also waive away assertions I like. By "waive away" we mean pointing out that assertions are still just assertions.

This particular assertion has nothing at all to do with any hard science. If you asked WebMD to "prove it" the only thing they could say would boil down to: "Everybody we asked said they didn't choose their sexual orientation and we can't find anyone who changed their sexual orientation on purpose."

Nothing wrong with conducting a survey; that's data. There is something wrong with acting like the analysis of that data is reserved for a priesthood.
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@Slainte
I choose not to eat sometimes and I still get hungry.
Try harder. Or better yet, identify as a plant.

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@DavidAZ
I noticed you[DoubleR] said this a few times.  Are you saying that the determining factor in the gay thing is that a man is aroused when another man touches his dong?
It was fairly obviously sarcastic banter.


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@Best.Korea
Oromagi is gay, so he is already biased on the topic.
Oromagi is being with the capacity for rationality and happens to have expressed belief in genetic causality of homosexuality. Accusations of bias are irrelevant. The argument is either made or it is not. Either sound or not.

The evaluation of inductive arguments leaves some room for judgement in most cases, but the originator can't sabotage objectivity by making an argument.

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@Double_R
There is no evidence that homosexuality stems from a gene that can be passed on, or at the least that it's not something carried only in certain groups which could be selected against like height or skin color.
Debate @oromagi, you're so interested in third party information you might actually pay to get the studies. (yea right, you'd just find a bunch of blogs)

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@Kaitlyn
No scientific agency says homosexuality is not a choice.
"Experts agree that sexual orientation isn’t a choice and can’t be changed. Some people who are homosexual or bisexual may hide their sexual orientation to avoid prejudice from others or shame they may have been taught to feel about their sexuality."
I haven't read into much of the homosexual literature, but I don't understand how a self-deleting genetic expression (i.e. homosexual sex engage procreate) would be so prevalent amongst humans. In an evolutionary sense, it should be selected against because homosexual sex can't procreate, thus the genes won't be passed on.

Unless it's epigenetic and thus activates in certain conditions, how is biological deterministic homosexuality so prevalent? 
1.) Read the selfish gene by Richard Dawkins, a gene isn't self-deleting if it can help reproduce itself. It doesn't need to do that using the exact organism of expression. For example drone hymenopterans don't reproduce, but they help reproduce the genes that created them.

2.) I am not convinced this hypothesis is correct for human sexual deviancy even if it is theoretically possible, and even if it was true the sexual deviancy would be a secondary trait; not the one selected for.

3.) oromagi has formed conclusions about this matter, however I found it nearly impossible to confirm anything related to genetics due to paywalls (I really hate the idea of paywalls protecting scientific literature)

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@Double_R
lol leave it to you to jump right into the muck of authority pokemon. Have fun.
WebMD? Would you be more convinced if I quoted Info Wars?
No, stop retweeting (because that's all you're basically doing) third party assertions. I've explained to you why you're doing it (social reasoning) all wrong in detail before.


It would have been more fun if you chose to be aroused. Next time choose differently.
Not everyone is as strong in the force as the OP.
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Taiwan is china
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@Vegasgiants
A exampke that is not relevant today
That's what the British said when comparing the Boston Tea Party to the revolt of Syracuse.

History burns away our false idols and arbitrary delusions.
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@ponikshiy
You don't go on Gore sites do you? 
You know, I almost forgot to. I need to checkback on the doomsday clock.

My god it was seven years ago https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssEJdAfbwjI




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@Vegasgiants
Dude as their economy grows their wages grow.....so does state tax revenues 
The economy (in real terms) grows when people produce useful things or provide useful services.


It's all about GDP 
I'm saying the company is doing well because the new auto-mill is very efficient with each log, and you're saying "no it's all about the volume of lumber".

Yes, it's all about the volume of lumber and the volume of lumber is growing because of the auto-mill.

GDP as a proxy is subject to conceptual mutilation and deceptive statistics (inflation for one).

"Building things" is the heart of the matter. Through the damn lies (statistics) of manipulated currencies and fad companies (silicon valley) people in USA have convinced themselves that building things isn't really necessary for a good quality of life. Then they swallow this bullshit about China's rise being inevitable, somehow overlooking the fact that they not only make everything they use, but they also make everything we use.

Let's see how it works out.
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@Best.Korea
Sympathizing with me is unnecessary, I agree.
I didn't say that.

I said it doesn't bring social credit.

Those roleplayers pretend they are courageous for doing what brings praise and popularity when that is the least courageous thing one can do. I'm not a fan.

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@Best.Korea
Yes but there are no brownie points for sympathizing with you. It's much easier to pretend the people with constant parades and their own month are oppressed. Nothing is quite as courageous as loudly applauding the most popular thing according to every large corporation and government.

It's so nice that the power helps you speak truth to power these days.

Ok I'll stop, but the sarcasm continues to flow through me.
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@Double_R
lol leave it to you to jump right into the muck of authority pokemon. Have fun.
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@Vegasgiants
So it's more than "likely" it's certain. You have mastered sexual orientation! I wonder if there is a merit badge for that?
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@Vegasgiants
We will never be able to match their GDP 
Does it matter so long as everyone has enough big screen TVs and cars?

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@Vegasgiants
People choose that everyday.  And then decide to be sexual again
Uh huh, so have you?
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@Vegasgiants
That's a canned analysis from Keynesians. Population and classes don't mean anything.

Production is accomplished by machinery. "The means of production", it's the only thing the Marxists got right.

The age of bulk labor is long in the past.

The USSR won WW2 by fighting like the Germans not hoards of under equipped infantry. The CCP is pulling ahead by building factories and mass-scale resource mining, not hoards of workers (regardless of class).

We are not end state, robotics can and will reach a point where the only thing that determines economic output is energy and raw materials. In that case the nation state with the most willingness to exploit its territory * it's resources wins.
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@Vegasgiants
Ok, how about an easier one. Become asexual. Unless you want kids right now it's such a chore right?
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@n8nrgim
The CCP is doing well because they are building things. The USA is doing poorly because it is not building things.

Who or what the US recognizes has little effect on that fact
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@Vegasgiants
Why not test your hypothesis on yourself? Spend a few months as a necrosexual so you can enjoy zombie films more. Then you can know how likely it is.
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@Vegasgiants
No scientific agency says homosexuality is not a choice.  In fact t none will say we know what determines sexuality.  Sexuality is not a box checked at birth.  Sexuality fir many changes throughout their lifetime 


Clearly choice is likely a element in determining Sexuality
Bit of a logical problem going from "Nobody knows" to "It's X"

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The Intelligent Opposition
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@cristo71
with the exception of political disagreement = bad guys
Oh, but that's one of the lies we tell to grease the wheels of democracy.

All fundamental (insoluble by honesty) political disagreement arises from moral disagreement. Bad guys are guys who tend to do bad things, but nobody is the villain in their own story.

The notion that political fights are trivial is untrue, and it's been proven again and again. Recently you may have heard in regards to BLM riots or man made climate change "it's not a political issue".

What do they mean by that? They mean it's not trivial. They mean people who disagree are bad guys. They mean they won't accept an overton window where those issues are debatable.

When people "agree to disagree" the ones who lie win.

This viewpoint is not at all the same as the "intrinsic evil" mindset, where you don't debate and you don't show mercy because the other side is just so bad to the bone that there is no redemption or resolution.

TL;DR: Moral disagreements are neither trivial/ignoreable nor are they insoluble due to the evil nature of some people. To have peace they must be resolved and the only genuine resolution is rejection of the incorrect moral claim as identified by logic. i.e. debate is the only true peace maker.


This is just about identifying people who disagree politically but also qualify (by whatever measure you wish to employ) as intelligent in your personal estimation.
Mmm, well let's try all of the intelligence related traits I named:

Jesus and Siddhartha were wise.
Mao Zedong, and Genghis Khan were cunning. (A more recent example would be Bill Clinton, I saw him on your list)
Neil Degrass Tyson and Allen Dershowitz are  knowledgeable.
The number of people who show great creativity but have ridiculous canned political opinions is enormous. John Lennon "Imagine"
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The Intelligent Opposition
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@cristo71
If there weren't intelligent bad guys the world would be a lot better than it is now.

Intellect is a difficult thing to quantify, thus those who have it don't try to rely on the concept to predict much.

When I see something very stupid being said the simplest explanation is usually not that the person is unintelligent as a matter of biological fact. Wisdom, cunning, knowledge, and inspiration/creativity are all elements of excellent mind and they feed each other. Thinking can easily be sabotaged by prejudices (confirmation bias, cognitive dissonance) and rouge emotions.

It's not simply a matter of intelligence to learn to think abstractly and to be comfortable with analogy for example. I'm sure people 30,000 years ago were sharp as razors in many ways but I bet they did not play with ideas well compared to today.... and on that note I think we're losing it; the intellectuals of the enlightenment would seem frighteningly intelligent compared to the intellectuals of today (on average) IMO.
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Should pedophiles in prison have the right to death penalty?
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@IlDiavolo
@DavidAZ
[DavidAZ] The winner of all the matches would then be convinced that he gets a free ticket to freedom and then sent through some doors only to be shot in the head! No prison over crowding, no multi-decade waits for the death penalty.  Sure, we'll probably get a few falsely accused, but hey, no society is perfect.
I'd put that question on a public referendum, lie about it being anonymous, and deport everyone who votes for it to a giant prison colony.


[RationalMadman] He said let prisoners kill themselves and consider it a relief.
That's paraphrasing... so what? Is that in contradiction with previous expressed principles of his?


[IlDiavolo] Why doesn't the US put these inmates to work so they pay their own stay in prison?
People are afraid to give the government a motivation to keep people in prison. If it makes money they might lose sight of rehabilitation as a goal.

I say the tradition of avoiding conflicts of interest is stupid. Adversarial dynamics with rules that favor equal treatment and truth are far superior. In other words, if prison "owners" are involved in the decision to shorten or extend sentences it's already broken.
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@TWS1405_2
I ain't paying $2 to kill somebody when it should be $2/1,000,000
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@Best.Korea
Would you agree that people should be able to choose death penalty?

For example, just bullet in the head for those who wish to die.
It's not a fundamentally different question from suicide in general.

I general people have a right to dispose of their own body just as any other property. In practice preventing suicides is often the right thing to do since suicide attempts are often "calls for help" or due to temporary or curable mental disturbance.

Convicted criminals have forfeited some rights, and suppose they hard labor? That is not the normal state of affairs though. Also it's not really the death penalty if you choose it, it's still just suicide.
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@Lemming
The justice system has always been torn between several goals. They are in the order of apparent priority:

1.) Deter others from committing the same crime
2.) Satisfy the emotional need for justice (this is essentially revenge)
3.) Keep the criminal him or herself from committing further crimes (at least for a time)
4.) Rehabilitate the criminal
5.) Don't create a safe space at public expense where the poor might be tempted to go for some food and shelter

(1) and (2) are cohesive with each other, but not necessarily with (4).

This is a somewhat off-topic comment, but it relates to the theme:

If there is one place I support the death penalty it's when somebody in prison for a life sentence commits a crime that deserves a life sentence inside the prison (and this is proven beyond all doubt as should be easy with cameras).

People making light of prison rape is a grade A trigger to me. The fucking savages who cheer that have no room to complain about the worst of the coliseum. If you are in jail and you kill or rape someone, enough; just die already. I don't care what anyone thinks their victim deserved.
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@oromagi
@Best.Korea
[oromagi] No.  Death penalty costs the US taxpayer and average of $1 million per execution
It costs $3.50 (the cost of a single 50 caliber bullet). What costs $1 million is lawyers finding excuses to exist, which is not to say I'm a fan of the death penalty; but the idea that we can't kill people because it's too expensive should cause a slowly building derisive laugh in anyone.


[Best.Korea] Even in freedom, people often fail to commit suicide, when they have more means available to them than prisoners do.
I've said this before and I'll say it again: Anyone who fails to kill themselves didn't want to die.

There are so many guaranteed ways. The 'problem' is people make excuses to live so they rule surefire ways out and hesitate on the way they choose, quite understandable really.


[RationalMadman] Oromagi's real self is showing, mask is slipping.
Oh no, you've seen though his evil charade. He suggests giving the worst of society a tiny sliver of self-determination. What a villain....
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