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@Theweakeredge
Are you trying to say that you resist idolatry?
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@Dr.Franklin
There's places I've been where this privilege nonsense just wouldn't fly. It says something about them. Once you work smart, think hard, and over the course of time earn someone's respect, then maybe you can come back and tell us about the privilege of your relationship.
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@Danielle
Out of curiosity, did anyone happen to watch Fox News the last few days? I missed it but I was curious to hear Tucker Carlson explain how the media is misrepresenting this call.
In this article, Tucker Carlson suggests that certain media outlets are actively distracting from the Georgia Senate races.
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@Greyparrot
"How many soldiers' lives is the life of one gay man worth?""Seven."
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@3RU7AL
Both of the posts you replied to were further edited prior to your response. Do you have some sort of question for me?
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@Benjamin
The sex revolution cannot bring neither peace nor stability, only satisfaction for certain groups of people.
Rich people are more sheltered from the consequences of detaching the unitive nature of sex from procreative responsibility.
And those groups obviously did not exist while the old philosophy ruled.
Then where did the "new philosophy" come from?
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@3RU7AL
You're conflating "capitalism" and "autonomy, property, and specialization".
The entire context of that first post is philosophical independence from a socialism/capitalism dichotomy.
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@3RU7AL
A market economy is the natural result of autonomy, property, and specialization.Employee Ownership (socialism) is not incompatible with autonomy, property, and specialization.
Why would you consider it worthwhile to politicize private business arrangements? I don't understand the unnecessary reference to socialism.
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@rosends
Assuming a tense within the constraints of time is thought to be the mark of an inferior translation, and "I am" does not invite the reader to construe according to a conventional wisdom regarding time constraints.I'm not sure I understand this. Why is the present tense not an indicator of time constraints while "I will be" is? If the latter might be seen as not indicating present identity, then the former makes no indication of future identity.
In English, "Am" is more neutral in this regard than "will be", and at certain times they can be used interchangeably.
"I am going to church next Sunday" "I will be going to church next Sunday" - - They both mean the same exact thing.
"I am sorry" "You will be sorry" - - They have different meanings. - - One says that I am sorry, and the other conveys that you are not yet sorry, but you will be.
But the Hebrew doesn't translate as "I am" so there is a choice being made in the translation to impose a different tense on the text. The Hebrew is "eh'yeh" which is a basic to-be verb form meaning "I will be". The future tense is built in to the verb form in the Hebrew.
This is one of the few parts I'm familiar with in Hebrew, not that I know enough to have a say in how it should be translated. Lets say I could though. Maybe we might have to consider that there's a level of nuance anticipated by English speakers when the future tense is used in their language that might not exist as such in the original language. One of my bibles actually translates this, "I am/will be what I am/will be".
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@rosends
It simply says I AM, and yet "tense" is the connotation that you started with. This sort of conversation is exactly why English speakers might prefer it.
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@rosends
It is understood to connotate a constant. Assuming a tense within the constraints of time is thought to be the mark of an inferior translation, and "I am" does not invite the reader to construe according to a conventional wisdom regarding time constraints.
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@TheUnderdog
If gay and bi males want to be less likely to get HIV, as well as if anyone wants to avoid an STI, they should wait until marriage to have sex.
I guess, but that's not really why people wait for one another.
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@TheUnderdog
In reality, chances of contracting HIV are directly related to choosing risky behavior.Which gays and bi males are more likely to do. It’s not homophobic to say this. It’s just fact.
Statistically speaking, those populations would have higher averages. In reality, this sort of decision is entirely up to the individual.
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@Athias
I say virtually as I'm generally aware of some European conversations on a purely trivial note.
Even if we were to restrict our tracing back its origins to just the word, "Capitalism,"
You don't seem to understand the distinction between a word and a term. In this case, the word is actually a more expansive search.
How do you know you aren't making the same mistake of applying the term to people who simply meant, having ownership of capital (to the exclusion of others)?
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@Athias
If you were so interested you can look up definitions for socialism and communism, but you won't find capitalism in an American dictionary prior to the Civil War.How does this pertain to Karl Marx's allegedly coining the term, "Capitalism"?
As you can see, the word (not just the term) was virtually unheard of until the late-1800's, around the time Das Kapital was publicized. The implications seem fairly obvious.
As we have both noted, individual businessmen have been referred to as capitalists longer (1700's, possibly earlier) than the term "capitalism" (1800s) has been used.
Capitalists were wealthy businessmen. http://webstersdictionary1828.com/Dictionary/capitalist
Capitalism is a term used by Karl Marx. http://webstersdictionary1828.com/Dictionary/capitalism (no results)
Karl Marx did not coin the term. Confirm it for yourself.
It's not in more expansive editions either, probably because it wasn't really spoken in our universities, or written in our books, or flouted in our papers. I don't say which definitions you will find because anyone has told me, but because I've gone to the library to open the books and came to the same conclusion that anyone would in my position.
My initial inspiration for considering his theory arose out of interest in the contrast of contemporary narratives with older literature. It's plausible that someone else should be credited besides Karl Marx, but nonetheless the terminology seems to have originated from events surrounding his work.
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@Athias
If you were so interested you can look up definitions for socialism and communism, but you won't find capitalism in an American dictionary prior to the Civil War.
David Riccardo is associated with capitalism today, and certainly capitalists have been referred to since the 1700's in the original context of investment, but I haven't come across evidence pointing to a Marxist conception of laissez-faire from him."Laissez-faire" comes from Physiocracy; hence, the term is French (as Physiocracy was a school of thought originated in France.) It would be peculiar to associate "laissez-faire" with Marx given that he was German, and moved to Britain ironically under the auspices of his wealthy capitalist friends to write about political economy. Marx in no way or form "coined" the term "Capitalism." Marx did however make reference to State Capitalism.
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@FLRW
The United States has the largest proportion of prison inmates in the world.
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@Athias
David Riccardo is associated with capitalism today, and certainly capitalists have been referred to since the 1700's in the original context of investment, but I haven't come across evidence pointing to a Marxist conception of laissez-faire from him.
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@Theweakeredge
A market economy is the natural result of autonomy, property, and specialization.
Instead I would just propose an idea, could there not be a mix of the two?
Profit may be a necessary and healthy priority for survival, but it is not necessarily the primary motivation of individual contributions to the economy.
Socialism vs Capitalism is a stupid Dichotomy
Karl Marx coined the term, capitalism.
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@FLRW
For black children, the presence of fathers would not alter racist drug laws.
"Don't do drugs"
Prosecutorial protection of police officers who kill.
"Don't do drugs"
mass school closures
"Don't do drugs." "RESPECT your teacher. Don't take your education for granted"
or the poisoning of their water.
"Ask your mother" https://youtu.be/Vet6AHmq3_s?t=176
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@TheUnderdog
Saying that someone is racist because they believe that whites are smarter than blacks is like saying someone is sexist because they believe men are physically stronger than women. If it’s true, then it’s not racist or sexist to say either claim. It would be a fact at that point.
"I'm not racist but...[proceeds to say something stupid]"
Racism does not mean "stuff I don't agree with".
If someone said that gays and bisexuals are more likely to get HIV
It doesn't work this way. In reality, chances of contracting HIV are directly related to choosing risky behavior.
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1898 - A shift in foreign policy starts to take place around the time of the Spanish-American war. Hawaii, Guam, and Puerto Rico are annexed.
1900's - The Supreme Court begins the lengthy process of incorporating the Bill of Rights into state jurisdiction.
1903 - The Dick Act formalizes the National Guard, and the Civilian Marksmanship Program is established to enable the unorganized militia.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the militia shall consist omission of. of every able-bodied male citizen of the respective States, Territories, and the District of Columbia, and every able-bodied male of foreign birth who has declared his intention to become a citizen, who is more than eighteen and less than forty-five years of age, and shall be divided into two classes-the organized militia, to be known as the National National Guard. Guard of the State, Territory, or District of Columbia, or by such other designations as may be given them by the laws of the respective States or Territories, and the remainder to be known as the Reserve Militia. .https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/57th-congress/session-2/c57s2ch196.pdf
Rifle ranges also are needed, not only for the National Guard, but also for the citizen population. To shoot well is a large part of the education of the soldier ; and if the Government can arouse such an interest in shooting, in not only the organized but also the unorganized militia, that our male population shall be familiar with the accurate use of the rifle, we shall have gone far towards evening up the advantage the foreigner gains by his universal conscription. Much can be accomplished in this direction, if the United States will offer free the use of the military rifle on ranges to be established near our large towns. Such ranges would also be available for the instruction of the National Guard. Their cost would be little in comparison with the benefits to be obtained. The cost of sufficient target ranges and camp sites for the whole country will hardly exceed that of one or two new battle-ships.
- Lieutenant Colonel James Parker
- Lieutenant Colonel James Parker
1916 - While the US maintains neutrality during WWI, Congress passes the National Defense Act
SEC. 57 . COMPOSITION OF THE MILITIA.-The militia of the United States shall consist of all able-bodied male citizens of the United States and all other able-bodied males who have or shall have declared their intention to become citizens of the United States, who shall be more than eighteen years of age and, except as hereinafter provided, not more than forty-five years of age, and said militia shall be divided into three classes, the National Guard, the Naval Militia, and the Unorganized Militia
1920 - 19th amendment provides women all over the United States with the right to vote.
1924 - Indian Citizenship Act
1934 - National Firearms Act, the first federal regulation to effect the transfer of arms, places a 200 dollar tax on certain transactions.
December 7, 1941
1946 - Battle of Athens - To secure the election from a corrupt political machine, veterans broke into the armory and fought as necessary for the surrender of ballots in a heavily guarded jail. "If democracy was good enough to put on the Germans and the Japs, it was good enough for McMinn County too!" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Trc0b1v8RtY
1947 - The Air National Guard is established
1948 - Women may volunteer for every branch of the armed services. Harry Truman desegregates the armed forces by executive order for the first time since the Revolutionary war.
1956 - Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. applies for a permit to carry after his house is bombed with his wife and child at home. He was denied by police.
“I want you to love our enemies; Be good to them, love them, and let them know you love them.”
1957 - Civil Rights Act is passed
1958 - The National Defense Act is amended
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled that section 57 of the Act of June 3, 1916, as amended (32 U. S. C. 1), is further amended by inserting after the words "forty-five years of age," the words "and of female citizens of the United States who are appointed as commissioned officers of the National Guard under section 58 of this Act". https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-70/pdf/STATUTE-70-Pg729.pdf
1967 - California legislature introduces the Mulford Act to disarm the radical Black Panther Party for Self Defense, inspiring the modern civil rights protest to bear arms. Live
"There is absolutely no reason why out on the street today, a civilian should be carrying a loaded weapon" - Governor Ronald Reagan
1968 - Civil Rights Act enables equal access to services for every American citizen
1969 - Fred Hampton was ambushed in his sleep and murdered by police in Chicago. 90 rounds were fired into the apartment.
1970's - National Rifle Association is partially reoriented to a civil rights organization - Opposition generally surrounded handguns up till this time, and carry in urbanizing states.
1981 - Ronald Reagan gets hit with an explosive "devastator" round out of a cheap "Saturday night special" as he stood by James Brady.
1984 - An impractical pistol known as the Tec-9 is produced and advertised through contentious marketing practices with an attachable "assault grip". Political figures called it a "military style assault weapon", a term they associated with the 'spray and pray' philosophy of poorly aimed rapid fire from the hip.
https://www.cpmlegal.com/publication-Assault_Weapons_The_Case_Against_The_TEC_9 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DIwfzaiZnIo McDonald's Massacre
"The only use for assault weapons is to shoot people," Agnos told the Assembly Public Safety Committee in June 1985. San Jose Police Chief Joseph McNamara concurred. "These are weapons of war," he said. "They are made to kill people, and they are all over California. There is no legitimate use for these. Nobody hunts deer with them."
1986 - Firearm Owner Protection Act
1987 - Tear down this wall
1989 - We didn't start the fire
1991 - The Soviet Union has collapsed, in some ways leaving the U.S. with more military involvement than the rest of the world combined.
1993 - The Branch Davidian raid and the resulting siege inspires general distrust and "militia" movements, some of which are legally questionable
1994 - Public Safety and Recreational Firearms Use Protection Act consolidates the industry for "assault weapons" to government employees.
September 11, 2001
September 18, 2001 to present: Congress authorizes the invasion of Afghanistan.
2004 - AWB expires - Many Americans see practicality in modular firearms and detachable magazines become increasingly popular in the post 9/11 market for defense
2011 - Osama Bin Laden had a bad day. Meanwhile, Americans are learning about operation Fast and Furious.
2013 - The president signs the ATT and prohibits reimportation of military surplus, undermining the Civilian Marksmanship Program, which has been privatized
http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/t/att/text http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/s/unitedstatesofamerica http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/
2016 - The president restores the previously brokered agreement for the CMP, and withdraws the United States from the Arms Trade Treaty, which was never ratified.
2020 - That's all folks
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1861 - The militia of South Carolina seizes Fort Sumter.
1862 - The Militia Act of 1795 is amended
An Act to amend the Act calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections, and repel Invasions, approved February twenty-eight, seventeen hundred and ninety-five, and the Acts amendatory thereof, and for other Purposes.
. . . .
SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the President be, and he is here by, authorized to receive into the service of the United States, for the purpose of constructing intrenchments, or performing camp service or any other labor, or any military or naval service for which they may be found competent, persons of African descent, and such persons shall be enrolled and organized under such regulations, not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws, as the President may prescribe.
SEC. 13. And be it further enacted, That when any man or boy of African descent, who by the laws of any State shall owe service or labor to any person who, during the present rebellion, has levied war or has borne arms against the United States, or adhered to their enemies by giving them aid and comfort, shall render any such service as is provided for in this act, he, his mother and his wife and children, shall forever thereafter be free, any law, usage, or custom whatsoever to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided, That the mother, wife and children of such man or boy of African descent shall not be made free by the operation of this act except where such mother, wife or children owe service or labor to some person who, during the present rebellion, has borne arms against the United States or adhered to their enemies by giving them aid and comfort.
SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That the expenses incurred to carry this act into effect shall be paid out of the general appropriation for the army and volunteers.
SEC. 15. And be it further enacted, That all persons who have been or shall be hereafter enrolled in the service of the United States under this act shall receive the pay and rations now allowed by law to soldiers, according to their respective grades: Provided, That persons of African descent, who under this law shall be employed, shall receive ten dollars per month and one ration, three dollars of which monthly pay may be in clothing.. . . .
. . . .
SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the President be, and he is here by, authorized to receive into the service of the United States, for the purpose of constructing intrenchments, or performing camp service or any other labor, or any military or naval service for which they may be found competent, persons of African descent, and such persons shall be enrolled and organized under such regulations, not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws, as the President may prescribe.
SEC. 13. And be it further enacted, That when any man or boy of African descent, who by the laws of any State shall owe service or labor to any person who, during the present rebellion, has levied war or has borne arms against the United States, or adhered to their enemies by giving them aid and comfort, shall render any such service as is provided for in this act, he, his mother and his wife and children, shall forever thereafter be free, any law, usage, or custom whatsoever to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided, That the mother, wife and children of such man or boy of African descent shall not be made free by the operation of this act except where such mother, wife or children owe service or labor to some person who, during the present rebellion, has borne arms against the United States or adhered to their enemies by giving them aid and comfort.
SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That the expenses incurred to carry this act into effect shall be paid out of the general appropriation for the army and volunteers.
SEC. 15. And be it further enacted, That all persons who have been or shall be hereafter enrolled in the service of the United States under this act shall receive the pay and rations now allowed by law to soldiers, according to their respective grades: Provided, That persons of African descent, who under this law shall be employed, shall receive ten dollars per month and one ration, three dollars of which monthly pay may be in clothing.. . . .
1865 - The army of Northern Virginia surrenders. Traditional militias of the South are disbanded and restructured into a system of loyal volunteers and unorganized state militia. https://www.nps.gov/apco/learn/education/surrender-documents.htm
Rolls of all the officers and men to be made in duplicate one copy to be given to an officer designated by me, the other to be retained by such officer or officers as you may designate. The officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms against the Government of the United States until properly exchanged and each company or regimental commander sign a like parole for the men of their commands.
The arms, artillery, and public property are to be parked and stacked and turned over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not embrace the side arms of the officers, nor their private horses or baggage. This done officers and man will be allowed to return to their homes not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their parole and the laws in force where they may reside.
The arms, artillery, and public property are to be parked and stacked and turned over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not embrace the side arms of the officers, nor their private horses or baggage. This done officers and man will be allowed to return to their homes not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their parole and the laws in force where they may reside.
Very respectfully,
U.S. Grant, Lieutenant-General.
U.S. Grant, Lieutenant-General.
______
I have received your letter of this date containing the terms of surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia as proposed by you. As they are substantially the same as those expressed in your letter of the 8th instant, they are accepted. I will proceed to designate the proper officers to carry the stipulations into effect.
Your obedient servant,
R.E. Lee, General
GENERAL ORDER
After four years of arduous service marked by unsurpassed courage and fortitude, the Army of Northern Virginia has been compelled to yield to overwhelming numbers and resources. I need not tell the brave survivors of so many hard fought battles, who have remained steadfast to the last, that I have consented to this result from no distrust of them.
After four years of arduous service marked by unsurpassed courage and fortitude, the Army of Northern Virginia has been compelled to yield to overwhelming numbers and resources. I need not tell the brave survivors of so many hard fought battles, who have remained steadfast to the last, that I have consented to this result from no distrust of them.
But feeling that valor and devotion could accomplish nothing that would compensate for the loss that must have attended the continuance of the contest, I determined to avoid the useless sacrifice of those whose past services have endeared them to their countrymen.
By the terms of the agreement officers and men can return to their homes and remain until exchanged. You will take with you the satisfaction that proceeds from the consciousness of duty faithfully performed, and I earnestly pray that a merciful God will extend to you His blessing and protection.
With an increasing admiration of your constancy and devotion to your country, and a grateful remembrance of your kind and generous considerations for myself, I bid you all an affectionate farewell.
R.E. Lee
Genl.
1866 - Original Civil Rights Act - Every man now recognized as a citizen by the federal government, is entitled to equal protection of property and equal benefit of the law.
It provides for the equality of citizens of the United States in the enjoyment of "civil rights and immunities." What do these terms mean? Do they mean that in all things civil, social, political, all citizens, without distinction of race or color, shall be equal? By no means can they be so construed. Do they mean that all citizens shall vote in the several States? No; for suffrage is a political right which has been left under the control of the several States, subject to the action of Congress only when it becomes necessary to enforce the guarantee of a republican form of government (protection against a monarchy). Nor do they mean that all citizens shall sit on the juries, or that their children shall attend the same schools. The definition given to the term "civil rights" in Bouvier's Law Dictionary is very concise, and is supported by the best authority. It is this: "Civil rights are those which have no relation to the establishment, support, or management of government."
1868 - The 14th amendment is ratified. Freedmen partake in citizenship, and proudly keep and bear arms for militia duty. Paramilitary groups form in opposition.
1870 - The 15th amendment is ratified to further secure the right to vote. Thousands of men were assaulted, intimated, and killed over who could vote and who counted the votes.
1871 - Enforcement Acts provided protections for the right to vote among other things, and hopefully enabled the federal government to pursue vigilante groups like the Klu Klux Klan
1873 - https://teachingamericanhistory.org/library/document/colfax-massacre-reports/ Monument erected in 1921 https://www.blackpast.org/history/colfax-massacre-1873
1876 - Cruikshank v US concluded that rights to assembly and to bear arms are acknowledged in the Constitution, not dependent upon it.
- Within the scope of its powers, as enumerated and defined, it [the government of the United States] is supreme and above the States; but beyond, it has no existence. It was erected for special purposes, and endowed with all the powers necessary for its own preservation and the accomplishment of the ends its people had in view. It can neither grant nor secure to its citizens any right or privilege not expressly or by implication placed under its jurisdiction.
- This is not a right granted by the Constitution. Neither is it in any manner dependent upon that instrument for its existence. The second amendment declares that it shall not be infringed, but this, as has been seen, means no more than that it shall not be infringed by Congress.
As such, the responsibility to protect these rights is assumed in other jurisdictions.
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1607 - A formal militia is organizedin Virginia, the first Colony. Naturalization was based more on loyalty throughout their lifetime in the 1600's.
1636 - The oldest serving guard unit in the United States is formalized in what would come to be Massachusetts, consisting in general of every able bodied freeman.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Army_National_Guard_and_active_Regular_Army_units_with_colonial_roots https://history.army.mil/Reference/mamil/Mamil.htm
1689 - The English Bill of Rights ispassed
1773 - Boston Tea Party
1775 - Shot heard round theworld. "Don't tread on me". American military leaders were eventually compelled to integrate all able bodied males into the Continental Army
- October - As the Congress have been at so much pains to buy Goods, to cloth the Army, and the Quarter Master General, at great trouble to collect, upon the best terms he can, such Articles as are wanting for this purpose, he is directed to reserve those goods for those brave Soldiers, who are determined to stand forth in defense of their Country another year; and that he may be able to distinguish these, from such as mean to quit the Service, at the end of their present engagement, he will be furnished with the Inlistments. Any person therefore (Negroes excepted, which the Congress do not incline to inlist again) coming with a proper Order and will subscribe the Inlistment, shall be immediately supplied.
- November - Neither Negroes, Boys unable to bare Arms, nor old men unfit to endure the fatigues of the campaign, are to be inlisted; The preferences being given to the present Army, The Officers are vigilantly to try, what number of men can be inlisted, in the Course of this week, and make report thereof to their Colonels, who will report it to the General
- December - As the General is informed, that Numbers of Free Negroes are desirous of inlisting, he gives leave to the recruiting Officers to entertain them, and promises to lay the matter before the Congress, who he doubts not will approve of it. https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/mss/mgw/mgw3g/001/001.pdf
July 4, 1776 - Declaration of independence
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America, When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world: https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world: https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration-transcript
1777 - The Articles of Confederation
No vessels of war shall be kept up in time of peace, by any state, except such number only, as shall be deemed necessary by the united states, in congress assembled, for the defense of such state, or its trade; nor shall any body of forces be kept up, by any state, in time of peace, except such number only as, in the judgment of the united states, in congress assembled, shall be deemed requisite to garrison the forts necessary for the defense of such state; but every state shall always keep up a well regulated and disciplined militia, sufficiently armed and accounted, and shall provide and constantly have ready for use, in public stores, a due number of field pieces and tents, and a proper quantity of arms, ammunition, and camp equipage.
1787 - Federalization of the Constitution
- To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions
- To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
1789 - George Washington becomes the first president of the United States.
1791 - The American Bill of Rights is Ratified
A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
1792 - The president is authorized to call fourth the militia from several states for two years.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That each and every free able-bodied white male citizen of the respective States, resident therein, who is or shall be of age of eighteen years, and under the age of forty-five years (except as is herein after excepted) shall severally and respectively be enrolled in the militia, by the Captain or Commanding Officer of the company, within whose bounds such citizen shall reside, and that within twelve months after the passing of this Act.
1794 - George Washington successfully calls up the militia to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion
1795 - The president is authorized permanently in the Militia Act of 1795
1835 - Texas declares independence from Mexico "Come and take it"
1857 - Dred Scott vs Sanford, the Supreme Court rules that black people are not citizens of the United States
In this case, a majority of the court have said that a slave may be taken by his master into a Territory of the United States, the same as a horse, or any other kind of property. It is true, this was said by the court, as also many other things, which are of no authority. Nothing that has been said by them, which has not a direct bearing on the jurisdiction of the court, against which they decided, can be considered as authority. I shall certainly not regard it as such. The question of jurisdiction, being before the court, was decided by them authoritatively, but nothing beyond that question. A slave is not a mere chattel. He bears the impress of his Maker, and is amenable to the laws of God and man; and he is destined to an endless existence.
-John McLean
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@AddledBrain
A timeline of the militia is on page 2.
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@TheUnderdog
If someone were to compile the data necessary to make a map of genetic phenomena based on the .1% of chemistry people might not have in common, it would look somewhat bumpy and inconsistent. It's true that people with fair skin are smarter than people with a dark complexion, and there's a genetic component, but the opposite is also the case. People with dark complexion are smarter than people with fair skin.
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@n8nrgmi
Where is the most charitable nation in the world?
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@3RU7AL
The term "inheritable traits" seems inexplicably vague.
Arbitrary, not vague.
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@3RU7AL
I learned about the discrimination before I was introduced to their ancestral connotations, and my first impression was like https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04J-fKClb5I Now I have awareness on how to roll with it when a vestige of society is introduced into conversation. The worst from an emotional standpoint is the betrayal of faith in someone who's later made it known that you're fundamentally undeserving of their full respect, and it can take some time to reconcile "how could he say that?" After speaking over the years with the guy with tattoos, Susan's grandpa, and everyone in between I've only brought up race/racism/racist twice in my life.
Some years back, I got to know someone and they had been introduced to a social construct and brainwashed into hating their own race. When they literally blurted out hate one day, I can remember my jaw dropping for a moment, saying their name to convey I cared about them, followed by "That's racist". Left it at that, and then it was just time to listen. The second time was in a conversation about a presidential candidate, just to convey that in my experience people who say racist things might be getting senile. Usually I wouldn't address the subject of conversation that way from a standpoint of self respect. As we are made in the image of God just as it is intended, race has a tendency to run against my principles.
I think with situational awareness that people know on some level the degradation in subjecting yourself to the whims of man. That's sort of what it means to me.
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@Tradesecret
I take the view that the OT God is the Trinity. Muslims and Modern Jews do not worship the Trinity. Christians do. The Trinity is Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.When did Jews stop worshipping the Trinity?Good question.There have always been Jews who worshiped the Trinity and there have always been Jews who did not.
God is more than how we understand a reflection of reality.
“Not everyone who says to Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ shall enter the kingdom of heaven, but he who does the will of My Father in heaven. Many will say to Me in that day, ‘Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in Your name, cast out demons in Your name, and done many wonders in Your name?’ And then I will declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart from Me, you who practice lawlessness!’
After deciding that Islam is not built on the rock, how can one ascertain that the people identifying with Islam do not seek God before their understanding?
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@3RU7AL
Only a racist can have racial hatred, but not all racists are hateful. There is an obvious distinction.Please present your personally preferred definition of "racist".
Race
A social construct grouping people based on inheritable traits, physically distinct from other groups of people.
Racism
Belief system in which race is a fundamental determinant of human traits and capacities, or consequently that racial differences produce some superiority of a particular race.
Racist
A person who exhibits prejudice on the basis of race, especially so as to distinguish one race as inferior to another.
Behavior of a person exhibiting the qualities of racism.
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@Danielle
In addition to broadcasting their overt racism, the 'elites' at CNN insulted their own viewership by insinuating they didn't have the knowledge of a basic high school education. Even better, by implying that socialism is more American than melanin, they disrespected every naturalized Citizen who answered the question, "What is the economic system in the United States?".
Classic example of why half of Trump's supporters love the movement to make America great again. Viva la Covfefe!
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@bmdrocks21
Anti-murder laws infringe on your right to choose to murder people.Anti-transgender bathroom choice laws are mainly to protect female children. That, and the term “bathroom” doesn’t appear in the Constitution.
Really, you think murder is a right? I'm kind of afraid to ask.
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@Theweakeredge
And that brings us back to the approach of socialism, fundamentally different to the Americans they termed "capitalists".
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@Theweakeredge
"Your ideology is bad, but your idea is not" - Progressivism (FDR in a nutshell)
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@HistoryBuff
@Theweakeredge
As it turns out, you don't need socialism at all... That is the point this sort of rhetoric is trying to avoid.how do you figure? without socialism there is no modern world. It was built with socialism. Public schools, public roads, public funded or subsidized healthcare. etc. Without socialism, america as you know it would not exist. It would be some 3rd world shit hole where most people can't read or write.
I have been reiterating the historical fact that Americans arrived at these conclusions, and they were not necessarily "socialist".
That means socialists do not need to be relevant in order to talk about public schools, but they need to talk about public schools in order to be relevant.
Calling certain government programs "socialism" simply because they agree with them is unrealistic, and I wouldn't trust a political figure advocating to speak this way.
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@HistoryBuff
As it turns out, you don't need socialism at all... That is the point this sort of rhetoric is trying to avoid.
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@HistoryBuff
Socialist thought can intersect with other expressions of populism, and you may reach the same conclusion through two different approaches to a problem.
A socialist appealing to populist sentiments was probably being dishonest with you. As a general rule, democrats never liked socialists either.
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@HistoryBuff
America has always had socialism. Public schools, that's socialism. The fact that republicans hate a word they don't even understand is the much bigger issue.
Public schools are government programs that developed in the United States without need of socialist philosophy. It just happens that they would share a common interest.
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@MisterChris
Well my daddy left home when I was three
And he didn't leave much to Ma and me
Just this old guitar and an empty bottle of booze
Now, I don't blame him 'cause he run and hid
But the meanest thing that he ever did
Was before he left, he went and named me "Sue"
Well, he must o' thought that is quite a joke
And it got a lot of laughs from a' lots of folk
It seems I had to fight my whole life through
Some gal would giggle and I'd get red
And some guy'd laugh and I'd bust his head
I tell ya, life ain't easy for a boy named "Sue"
Well, I grew up quick and I grew up mean
My fist got hard and my wits got keen
Roam from town to town to hide my shame
But I made me a vow to the moon and stars
I'd search the honky-tonks and bars
And kill that man who gave me that awful name
Well, it was Gatlinburg in mid-July
And I just hit town and my throat was dry
I thought I'd stop and have myself a brew
At an old saloon on a street of mud
There at a table, dealing stud
Sat the dirty, mangy dog that named me "Sue"
Well, I knew that snake was my own sweet dad
From a worn-out picture that my mother'd had
And I knew that scar on his cheek and his evil eye
He was big and bent and gray and old
And I looked at him and my blood ran cold
And I said: "My name is 'Sue!' How do you do!?
Now you gonna die!"
Yeah that's what I told 'em
Well, I hit him hard right between the eyes
And he went down, but to my surprise
He come up with a knife and cut off a piece of my ear
But I busted a chair right across his teeth
And we crashed through the wall and into the street
Kicking and a' gouging in the mud and the blood and the beer
I tell ya, I've fought tougher men
But I really can't remember when
He kicked like a mule and he bit like a crocodile
I heard him laugh and then I heard him cuss
He went for his gun and I pulled mine first
He stood there lookin' at me and I saw him smile
And he said, "Son, this world is rough
And if a man's gonna make it, he's gotta be tough
And I know I wouldn't be there to help ya along
So I give ya that name and I said goodbye
I knew you'd have to get tough or die
And it's the name that helped to make you strong"
Yeah he said, "Now you just fought one hell of a fight
And I know you hate me, and you got the right
To kill me now, and I wouldn't blame you if you do
But ya ought to thank me, before I die
For the gravel in ya guts and the spit in ya eye
'Cause I'm the son-of-a-bitch that named you "Sue"
Yeah what could I do, what could I do
I got all choked up and I threw down my gun
Called him my Pa, and he called me his son
And I come away with a different point of view
And I think about him, now and then
Every time I try and every time I win
And if I ever have a son, I think I'm gonna name him
Bill or George! Anything but Sue! I still hate that name! Yeah
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@Checkmate
SubjectivismAccording to subjectivism, to say that something is wrong is to claim that you personally disapprove of it. The problems with this is that murders would technically be justified as they believed what they did was right.Inter-subjectivismAccording to inter-subjectivism, to say something is wrong is to claim your community disapproves of it. The problem with this is that communities may be wrong, as the Roman Catholics endorsed slavery, an unacceptable practice in todays world.Emotivism (My personal go-to)According to emotivism, to say something is wrong is not to make a claim at all. It is simply express personal disapproval. The problem with this is that it essentially eradicates the idea of morality as a whole.ReligionPersonally, I view this standpoint un-kindly, as it simply just postpones the mystery and is the "lazy way out" of what would be a fruitful discussion.
I have one question. Are things wrong because they are wrong, or are they wrong because God says they are wrong.
When you may say with sincerity that something is wrong, you have already acknowledged that something else is right.
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@Tradesecret
I take the view that the OT God is the Trinity. Muslims and Modern Jews do not worship the Trinity. Christians do. The Trinity is Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
When did Jews stop worshipping the Trinity?
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@Checkmate
So how would you teach ur child that they can burn for eternity for lying.
If you think of Christianity as a composition of rules, than you probably shouldn't be teaching.
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@Utanity
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@AddledBrain
§246. Militia: composition and classes
(a) The militia of the United States consists of all able-bodied males at least 17 years of age and, except as provided in section 313 of title 32, under 45 years of age who are, or who have made a declaration of intention to become, citizens of the United States and of female citizens of the United States who are members of the National Guard.
(b) The classes of the militia are—
(1) the organized militia, which consists of the National Guard and the Naval Militia; and
(2) the unorganized militia, which consists of the members of the militia who are not members of the National Guard or the Naval Militia.
This does not encompass all militia members. States may designate forces which answer only to the governor.
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@Death23
Only businesses and property owners would pay taxes.
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@ILikePie5
Back then you could mount a cannon to protect your boat.Would’ve been so fun!
There is no "would have" about your property. State and local laws may still apply.
Handgun access is implicitly shielded from states according to Heller vs DC
Some people might notice that Washington DC is in federal jurisdiction. I rolled with it to convey a basic statement nicely on one line.
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@HistoryBuff
Trump gave the rich a huge payday. As a result the government is taking in considerably less money. Thus creating a a bigger deficit. Tax cuts lead to deficits.
Most people consider taxes to take away their earnings. I noticed you have a different approach, where "cuts" give what was not theirs.
Do tax cuts also "give to the poor"?they can, but typically the benefit is minor. If you don't make very much money, then you aren't paying much taxes.
It gave the poor small cuts that expire in a few years. It was a massive giveaway to the rich.Did you learn this from school or did you have to find it on your own?I already answered this question. Read pretty much any analysis of trump's tax cuts. the answer is no, i didn't learn it in school as I am not a teenager. I learned it by reading about it.
I'm sorry, I didn't mean to imply your age or experience. I'm sure I'll get better at expressing myself in a public forum as time goes on. Perhaps you are familiar with the bigotry of low expectations. I have seen your writing is generally good natured, and I hope you appreciate it when I point out that it can be insulting to expect someone to literally be asking what tax cuts are, twice, and asking for you to reiterate something that anyone with a job has already ascertained.
What I cannot find is where you picked up the language from. Noting that it's not an intuitive approach, I can only assume you must have learned it from someone.
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I can see where you're coming from. They talked about repealing the Affordable Care Act for every year Barack Obama was in office, but we are obviously in the context of the Trump administration. Younger people may not be aware that "Obamacare" was passed without refinement through a 100% partisan vote, and highly controversial provisions like the individual mandate made it prone to attack. Donald Trump's "Repeal and replace" pitch essentially meant that the Affordable Care Act must finally go through a bipartisan process, ensuring a lasting legacy of nationalized healthcare and bringing about some semblance of national consensus. In other words, Ted Cruz lost 'bigly'. Donald Trump is not shy of infrastructure and stimulus spending either. I presume you are generally aware of this.lol no. The republican slogan of "repeal and replace" is just a slogan. They are very interested in the "repeal" part. But they have absolutely no plans on the "replace" part. They have been talking about repealing obama care since the minute it was passed, but they will not give an actual plan of what could replace it. They don't have a replacement.
Maybe some people want it repealed and some want it replaced.
They just want to repeal it and kick people off their healthcare.
The original model was signed into law by a Republican from Massachusetts through a bipartisan effort. At the time, the Heritage Foundation was endorsing efforts to improve healthcare at the state level. In addition to free markets, one of principles the heritage foundation takes interest in is federalism. Back when we used to have presidential debates, Mitt Romney argued for a relationship in which citizens may consider their states as a primary institution for representation, but obviously in a way that shares with a federal government. See the first two minutes here. Maybe Republicans should take a note from the economic initiative of Florida and Massachusetts so that they might work more effectively to outcompete progressives in their respective states. Since the Constitution is on their side, and they have dozens of unique opportunities to innovate across the country, the states probably have to fail pretty broadly for Congress to succeed in a power grab.
In reality, those who want to create a consumer-based health system and deregulate health insurance should view Romney's plan as one of the most promising strategies out there. I know, because I've been part of the Heritage Foundation team advising the governor and his staff on the design, which builds on some of my work with officials in other states.
Healthcare portion of the presidential debate 2012 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hx1mjT73xYE
Romney thanked the Bush administration for approving federal authorizations to fund the law and praised the late Sen. Ted Kennedy (D-MA) for his “essential” work in shaping and advancing the bill through the state legislature. “Special thanks as well to the Heritage Foundation,” Romney continued. “Two of its leading scholars are the ones who helped design and craft what we now call the Connector, which is the centerpiece of the insurance reform portion.” Once Heritage’s Dr. Robert Emmet Moffit took the stage, he praised the law for establishing a new “patient centered” and “consumer-based” market where everyone can find affordable coverage:
It was a massive giveaway to the rich, and the poor pay for it? What do you mean "the poor pay for it"?the republicans will push to balance the deficit by cutting social spending, like they always do. Most of them have signed a pledge not to increase taxes. If they are able to successfully cut social spending, then they would have successfully made the poor pay for it. IE give money to the rich via tax cuts, then balance the budget by cutting programs that help the poor.
Perfect, thank you.
Taking this to it's logical conclusion, "the rich" ought not to exist. There should be a wealth cap equivalent to a 100% tax rate.the higher their income the higher their tax rate should be. I don't think it makes sense to ever make it 100%. but since it has never been anywhere near that, it is a bit of a moot point.
The last time we had accumulated this much debt was WWII. The top income bracket was raised to over 90% within 5 years.
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