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@ethang5
My point was about being too fearful. The words are all there for anyone who wants to understand.
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@ethang5
I'm fearful we as an electorate too often fear minimally dangerous things exaggerated and discount serious threats completely.Your attempt to hide behind humor implies you are one of those individuals who are fearful.
p.s. if you don't hit the reply button, I don't get a notification!
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@Plisken
...does anyone think morality exists independent of conscious beings?One might generally refer to that as objective morality.
Our biology is an object and morality built on it yields objective values, thus we have an objective morality dependent on conscious beings. So, it very much can be that an objective morality ceases to be without our biology, no?
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@keithprosser
Quite. But if a 'concept of god' can exist without god existing surely the 'concept of morality' can exist without morality existing!
Yes, of course, but does anyone think morality exists independent of conscious beings?
I am not familiar with it.I should ask if you know/accept the standard arguments about the unreality of colour and if you see the relevance of that question!
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@keithprosser
I think good and evil exists as concepts (much like gods). If humanity goes away then so do our concepts. So, I agree there is no evil/good in the universe discounting conscious beings.
Where we diverge (I think) is that I see our evolutionary heritage as (possibly) a foundation from which our morality is formed, and so, morality is not purely preference but at least partially, built in. I've seen you give a nod to evolution hard wiring us this way, so why are we in different places on morality?!
It seems I always find myself watching the discussion regarding nihilism not really identifying with either side. What is the purpose of labeling yourself a moral nihilist - what do you think this means to your audience?
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@keithprosser
I dont think your being inconsistent, but I admit, I don't understand your view completely.I'm willing to throw it open for people to say if I am being inconsistent and/or irrational.
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@Goldtop
Storing energy isn't the issue, its the going from 2 weeks of intense heat to 2 weeks of intense cold and dark. The facilities would have to take all that into consideration regarding the building materials being used that could handle these changes."I think they can. A similar issue would be present for Mars. Martian nights are cold.
Building underground would solve much of this, I believe.
Edit: sorry this was meant for Alec!
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@Castin
I agree, Castin.
It seems the right and the left each have their own agenda each time something like this happens and are unwilling to let the chips fall where they may in a serious evaluation.
I'm tired of the games...its time for our government to be occupied by individuals who are not quite so fearful.
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@ethang5
It has nothing to do with God being driven out of society.
Ok, everyone, let's put our thoughts and prayers to work on this receding god problem! They haven't been working anywhere else! 😆😆😆
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@PGA2.0
For there to be a logical contradiction, these views would need to exist in the same person at the same time. It makes no difference if the subject is ice cream or moral views.Not necessarily so. For there to be a logical contradiction the moral view on the same subjectwould have to contradict. Liking ice-cream and liking to torture innocent human beings for fun are different categories.
The law of non-contradiction applies to all logical categories. You can pluck ice cream out of the example and insert moral view X and the analogy is still applicable. I'm not sure I understand what you are even objecting to. We should easily agree on this.
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@PGA2.0
There are no part-time rights.I think people have a right to control their own bodies to an extent,
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@PGA2.0
A rhetorical question is a useful tool for provoking thought, but it like all tools can be abused. Ultimately, a question is not an argument, its garnish - and a plate of garnish leaves one unsatiated.
I say this after responding to your round 3 arguments in our debate on abortion. You had ~ 41 questions, if I remember correctly. It's a crutch you rely on too heavily upon, imo.
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@PGA2.0
If I think people have a right to control their own body and you think people do not have a right to control their own body (at the same time) there is no logical contradiction.
For there to be a logical contradiction, these views would need to exist in the same person at the same time. It makes no difference if the subject is ice cream or moral views.
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@PGA2.0
I can hate chocolate and you can love it (at the same time) and there is no logical contradiction.
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@PGA2.0
This is an honest question. You are looking for my answer and not trying to build your own into the question.What is a dishonest question?
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@PGA2.0
Not that I agree with Keith's views, but there is no logical contradiction with something being viewed as good and bad by different people at the same time.If something is bad then it must be bad. It can't be bad and not bad depending on who believes it (at the same time and in regards to the same thing). That is ILLOGICAL.
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@PGA2.0
So long as you ask honest questions and attempt to understand my answers before you respond (I will do the same), we are in agreement.
...and just so you know, our debate on abortion has priority, so this will take a back burner as needed.
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@PGA2.0
I agree one of those options is likely.If I can't persuade you with logic and reason then either my system of thought is not reasonable and logical, I can't express it as such, or you are not a reasonable and logical person.
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@PGA2.0
I have no interest in playing devils advocate again.After our abortion debate would you like to debate the subject of prophecy again?
If there is no absolute, objective, unchanging source then you can't say your opinion is objective or even good. All you can say is you like it.
That's false. Within the context of chess and winning being a desirable goal, a move which contributes to a loss is bad. For instance, if the white king is checkmated two moves after the white queen is sacrificed for a pawn, then that exchange was objectively bad. Simple as.
You keep trying to saddle me with relativism while ignoring that I consider morality to be objective, or that moral actions can be objectively determined. In my view, one culture can judge actions of others because the building blocks or morality we got from evolution came long before any culture. Morality precedes culture.
I've provided examples from the animal kingdom (which have the same evolutionary substrate and no culture) which evidence this. You avoided this in your response. If you don't understand what I'm saying, or don't know what to make of it, that's fine (just say so), but when you avoid it altogether it makes me feel like you're being dishonest.
I'm not interested in a debate of dogma, but a real conversation where you or I can be open to learning something new and meaningful. If you're not open to changing your view based on new information, then this is a waste of time for both of us.
Also, given that morality implicitly endorses human rights, Hitler could not "win" while denying them. Clearly, Hitler had a distorted view of right and wrong and was not playing the same 'game' as everyone else.
One final thing, I've not suggested morality is determined by might. Is this an example of a flawed interpretation by the self-proclaimed infallible interpreter of prophecy?! Did you consider the audience of my post? I bet that threw you off! 😉
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@PGA2.0
First, it is not my opinion alone and it does not come from me alone.
But you admit it is an opinion. If we are to play by your rules, opinion has no place at the foundation of morality, and all the rhetoric you spout against relativism might just as easily apply to your view.
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@PGA2.0
Are you suggesting there is not a correct interpretation, or that the correct interpretation cannot be known?
Theres no suggestion. Your understanding of fulfilled Biblical prophesy is an interpretation, and I see no reason to accept such a dubious method of revelation as the product of an all knowing, all powerful being much less that your interpretation is better or worse than anyone else claiming to have found the truth in it. It's a Biblical Rorshach.
2). An absolute, objective, unchanging source is not a necessary foundation for morality.In other words, why should I trust anything you are selling?
My reply was not a sales pitch, but a rejection of yours.
Morality is like chess. There is no absolute, objective, unchanging source for the basis of good chess. Yet, provided winning is the goal, we can objectively evaluate moves as good or bad.
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@PGA2.0
Two things:
1) the prophecy fulfillments you reference are built on interpretation. Ie. The prophecies themselves are vague and the specifics you read into them come strictly from the reader(s).
2). An absolute, objective, unchanging source is not a necessary foundation for morality.
(as an aside) if it were, the god of the bible does not meet this standard anyway.
Feel free to respond to my last reply - its feeling fairly neglected!
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@keithprosser
Supposed to be? Talk like that and people will believe you are advocating for a designer. 🤣🤣
I'll keep my eyes peeled for trickery, but until then I'll accept it as is.
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Well, I'm not sure prophecy necessarily violates the laws of physics and fraud/propaganda certainly make sense, but that is really beside my point.
I don't think PGA is a willing participant in fraud or propaganda, and he probably needs us to be more than dismissive to realize it. 😉
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@keithprosser
I'm not convinced prophecy is a real thing, but that is not the same thing as being convinced they are not real and I'm curious how you've arrived at that position.
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@keithprosser
I can't help but think the interpretation of prophecy is a form of cultural (denominational) relativism.
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Without reading the thread, I find myself wondering what is the logical connection between atheism/relativism and prophecy.
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@PGA2.0
As I said, at this point we should agree to disagree. I don't believe explaining my views to you again will help the situation.
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@PGA2.0
It seems clear to me we are talking past one another and you and I should agree to disagree at this point.
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@PGA2.0
The opinion I was referring to is that man is made in the image of god.The biblical God described exhibits many of the same traits that human beings do but animals lack, but to a greater degree. We can conceptualize, unlike any animal can. We can communicate like no animal, expressing complex ideas. We can use logic to solve problems that animals cannot. We experience life differently from animals. We can know abstract things to a greater degree, unlike animals. We can know and speculate on the good and evil of what is done.
This answer is out of context and does not address the double standard you've been charged with. If you think morality to be objectively based, then your opinion ('man was made in the image of god') has no place as a foundation of morality.
There is not "should", only what is, and this is easily explained by natural selection. Fairness contributes to the individual (and the population) being more fit for a broader range of environments and more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on successful traits including fairness (or a proto-fairness).Exactly, so you don't get an ought from an is.
You do get an is from an is though! It's not a matter of mankind ought to be concerned for itself, rather mankind is concerned for itself.
Fairness in whose mind? The Nazi mind? Kim Jong-un's mind? Your mind? Why is surviving, passing on traits, reproducing 'good' in a universe oblivious to goodness?
This is not a fair representation of what I've been advocating. We are either going to have an honest conversation, Peter, or we are not going to have one.
I don't consider this a valid point. We're not talking about extremes, but your average persons. Even still, I think you can find such people have a concern for other persons, but that that concern is stunted or the in-group is very limited.Extremes? They're not extremes to large portions of the world's population. They are the norms.
You're switching from individuals to populations. The individuals you referenced ARE extremes as they are not typical.
People have a concern to an extent, yes. My belief regarding this is because they are made in the image and likeness of God so they can't escape this [...]
We agree people have a concern - that's a start. It may be the first time we've agreed on anything!
Evolution doesn't build morality, but through it our nature has been shaped. Actions which contribute to well being of the individual and/or group make it more likely for an individual within a social species to reproduce. Continue this for millennium and it's not hard to see how a social species can revere beneficial acts and a proto-morality begins to form. We can observe these proto-moralities in other primates, dolphins, canines, felines, etc., and I bet you'll not argue these were made in the 'image of godWell-being in whose mind? Kim Jong-un's?Extreme examples addressed above. Since you've not addressed it, how do you explain morality in non-human (not created in the image of God) animals?Are animals moral or just instinctively protective of their own?
There are instances of animals looking out for other species. For instance, dolphins have been known to defend other species (including humans) from shark attacks. So, it is certainly something more than instinctively protecting their own.
Some individuals may be able to commit immoral acts without justice, but in the broad picture this is insignificant. Moral actions have a net positiveaffect on humanity, and immoral actions a net-negative. Also, there is justice but it, much like its purveyors, is not perfect.It is not insignificant to those who have been wronged. Someone like Hitler, in your scenario, will not be brought to justice in the same proportion that he inflicted injustice.
Again, this is a double standard. Per Christian beliefs, if Hitler accepted Jesus as his lord and saviour, there would be no justice as Hitler goes to heaven. Perfect justice is not expected in either view.
Again, hot and cold are not moral issues. They deal with quantitative values, not qualitative. There is a fixed measure.Disagree. Can you show me on a thermometer where I can find "Hot"? Hot is a subjective qualitative label, nonetheless, it's generally agreed upon.You are confusing personal preference and subjective opinion with moral right and wrong.
There's no confusion. The point of the analogy was to show that within the context of a subjective principle (human life has value), objective observations can be made (murder is wrong).
I think that view is misguided and demonstrably false in the age of science. Scientific methodologies allow for there to be no "best knowledge" while unquestionably move away from ignoranceI don't think the question is whether there is a best but whether we can achieve or recognize the best.Best in relation to knowledge would be a complete and accurate understanding of the thing known.
It's safe to say, we don't have a complete and accurate understanding of the universe much less a complete and accurate understanding of what that means. Yet, our understanding of the universe increases nonetheless. "Best" is unnecessary and hyperbolic in the context of acquiring knowledge, be it moral or otherwise.
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@PGA2.0
C.S. Lewis did provide a list, loosely based on The Ten Commandments that he identified as operational in almost all societies that appear universal (applying to every culture) in its nature. I have an answer why. We are made in the image and likeness of GodThat's your opinion - not to be confused with an objective basis for morality.It was C.S. Lewis' opinion, but I agree with it.
The opinion I was referring to is that man is made in the image of god.
In most any culture or sub-culture there is a sense of fairness. The question is why should it be there based on evolution?
There is not "should", only what is, and this is easily explained by natural selection. Fairness contributes to the individual (and the population) being more fit for a broader range of environments and more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on successful traits including fairness (or a proto-fairness).
Not really. If someone doesn't think human life is special, then they likely have been or will be removed from the human population through self inflicted or societal exile/death.Take a look at all the dictators and oligarchies around the world that do just fine by exploiting and devaluing human life.
I don't consider this a valid point. We're not talking about extremes, but your average persons. Even still, I think you can find such people have a concern for other persons, but that that concern is stunted or the in-group is very limited.
Evolution doesn't build morality, but through it our nature has been shaped. Actions which contribute to well being of the individual and/or group make it more likely for an individual within a social species to reproduce. Continue this for millennium and it's not hard to see how a social species can revere beneficial acts and a proto-morality begins to form. We can observe these proto-moralities in other primates, dolphins, canines, felines, etc., and I bet you'll not argue these were made in the 'image of godWell-being in whose mind? Kim Jong-un's?
Extreme examples addressed above. Since you've not addressed it, how do you explain morality in non-human (not created in the image of God) animals?
Ok. So what? Morality is not law. It is a description, not a prescription.Without justice, what is good about it?
Some individuals may be able to commit immoral acts without justice, but in the broad picture this is insignificant. Moral actions have a net positive affect on humanity, and immoral actions a net-negative. Also, there is justice but it, much like its purveyors, is not perfect.
It is not necessary to know what the 'hottest' bath water you can tolerate is before you can know too much heat to your bath is bad for you. In other words, no best or worst is needed to understand good and bad.Again, hot and cold are not moral issues. They deal with quantitative values, not qualitative. There is a fixed measure.
Disagree. Can you show me on a thermometer where I can find "Hot"? Hot is a subjective qualitative label, nonetheless, it's generally agreed upon.
Back as far as Plato and Aristotle, both recognized the objective best was how the good was measured. The measure of morality if it is relative is not fixed. How you get to objective morality from a subjective mindset with no outside directive is beyond me.
I think that view is misguided and demonstrably false in the age of science. Scientific methodologies allow for there to be no "best knowledge" while unquestionably move away from ignorance.
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@PGA2.0
C.S. Lewis did provide a list, loosely based on The Ten Commandments that he identified as operational in almost all societies that appear universal (applying to every culture) in its nature. I have an answer why. We are made in the image and likeness of God
That's your opinion - not to be confused with an objective basis for morality. What is not an opinion is that there are certain actions which are good for human well being and some that are not. The ten commandments is, at best, a partial list of actions which can be moral.
Once we agree? The problem is agreeing.
Not really. If someone doesn't think human life is special, then they likely have been or will be removed from the human population through self inflicted or societal exile/death.
How can it (evolution) build it (morality) in when there is no intent to do so?
Evolution doesn't build morality, but through it our nature has been shaped. Actions which contribute to well being of the individual and/or group make it more likely for an individual within a social species to reproduce. Continue this for millennium and it's not hard to see how a social species can revere beneficial acts and a proto-morality begins to form. We can observe these proto-moralities in other primates, dolphins, canines, felines, etc., and I bet you'll not argue these were made in the 'image of god'.
For one thing, there is no ultimate justice.
Ok. So what? Morality is not law. It is a description, not a prescription.
Without God why is your opinion the best so that we should not end our life?
It is not necessary to know what the 'hottest' bath water you can tolerate is before you can know too much heat to your bath is bad for you. In other words, no best or worst is needed to understand good and bad.
That's about all I saw worth responding to among the rhetoric.
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@PGA2.0
[...]if there are no absolute objective moral truths then everything becomes manipulation, charisma, and force to get others to think as you (generic for whoever the leader is) do.
There may be no objective basis for morality - so what! Moral actions can be objectively known once we agree human life (and life is general) is special and worth preserving. Anyone who does not agree to this has no place in a legitimate discussion on morality.
What's more, I think our evolutionary heritage has built into us our appreciation of life. If so, morality has an objective basis.
I think you get too caught up on your subjective desire for an absolute, objective being to realize one is not needed for morality and that there is possibly a much more plausible objective basis if you must have such a foundation.
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@PGA2.0
What I have an objection to is funding Planned Parenthood, for they are the biggest killer of the unborn in the USA (last numbers I heard was about 300,000 per year through that organization)
I look forward to our debate on abortion!
How about some of you guys volunteer to be judges so PGA and I can get this going?!
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@Plisken
Agreed.
...if I understand you correctly and you're not trying throw me off with the double negative. 😄😅
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@Greyparrot
I guess I f*cked up then - I voted straight Dem! ;-)If you are not a hard working, law abiding citizen, you should vote for a Democrat.
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@Mopac
The second paragraph is applicable to our conversation. Keep in mind, I'm not talking about differing accounts, but contradictory accounts. (ie, both cannot be true at the same time)
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What do you have from the time period that says otherwise?
You cannot live up to this standard, so it is disingenuous to expect it of me. Hippolytus, Clement of Alexandria, Eusebius, etc., could not possibly be eyewitness to the supposed martyrdoms since they did not exist on Earth when the apostles were alive. A quick check of your list reveals only Ignatius was as a contemporary and he mentions martyrdoms of only 5 apostles which is not even half, much less all, of the apostles.
As far as the conversation between Mopac and I, church tradition (such as some of what you mentioned above) contradicts itself in regards to the deaths of the apostles. For instance, there are many martyrdom traditions of Matthew. Claims include Matthew being stabbed to death, burned to death, burned and killed by Festus, and killed by beheading. Obviously, someone (many someones) has made something up about the death of Matthew. There is sufficient reason to doubt all the apostles were martyred especially given the lack of verifiable eyewitnesses and indisputable legendary accretion surrounding these individuals.
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@Mopac
I have no good reason to doubt that the apostles were martyred, and every good reason to believe they were.
You mean you have no good reason other than the place from where your claims originate (church tradition) contradicts itself on how they died...because that is quite a good reason for doubt.
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@Mopac
You're attempting to sidestep valid reasons for viewing church tradition with skepticism. e.g. Church tradition has apostles dying in different, contradictory ways. You're welcome to think whatever you like about me, but without attempting to address this I think it would be better to conclude your credulity has blinded you rather than I am set against belief.
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@Mopac
It is only church tradition that holds this statement to be true, and if we get into specifics, church tradition will have apostles dying in multiple ways. Suffice to say, this tradition is unsubstantiated and dubiously held in high regard by the uninitiated.I will say that every single one of Jesus' apostles was executed or tortured to death in some cruel way.
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@secularmerlin
I have to say, I agree with the OP and your defense of it. Although, your opponent is correct that *sometimes* a negative can be proven. For instance, 'there are no married bachelors'. The terms married and bachelor conflict and cannot exist in a single entity at the same time, thus a married bachelor is a logical impossibility and does not exist.It's not impossible to prove a negative? Please demonstrate by proving there is no Russell's flying teapot.
I think you should qualify your statement to avoid this irrelevancy.
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@Mopac
Well, my faith is not in my understanding, but God, which is certainly above and beyond my understanding.
Ok. So I'm getting that you don't completely understand what you're arguing for. That's fine - that makes sense (unlike your argument). Perhaps you'll keep that in mind when you're about to put on your certainty hat again.
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@Mopac
It always amazes me when people pretend to not know what truth or reality means. If you don't believe in truth and reality, there is no amount of explaining on my part that will make things clear to you.
I've told you I accept truth and reality, but I don't conflate this with god as you do. Saying this again after clarification might lead an objective observer to reasonably conclude you're being intentionally malicious towards me. Please do not misrepresent my position again.
You have adopted the identity of the skeptic. I tell you that it takes just as much thought to believe something on hearing as it does to reject something on hearing.
Skepticism is not about rejection rather critical evaluation. For instance, if your claim of the Ultimate Reality were able to stand against criticism, I could accept it. Skepticism keeps me from accepting that which is unsubstantiated, flawed, and/or plain B.S. Your claim is at least two of these.
I am not making a tautology. You are being obtuse
You are not only wrong, but mistaken as well. 🤣🤣
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@Mopac
This is still a tautology, and no new information has been provided by the repetition. I remain in the dark about what this is meant to say.It Is That It Is
To distinguish that which is real in a contingent sense from that which is eternally real.
I don't know that "eternal" is a meaningful descriptor in a literal sense. Without coherent terms, I have no idea if your claims are extraordinary or not because they are unintelligible.
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@Mopac
I said whatever The Ultimate Reality is that is The Ultimate Reality.
That doesn't clarify anything. It's like saying whatever a tree is, is a tree. You're talking in circles.
If there is one reality, The Ultimate Reality would be it. If there are many realities, they exist vecause of The Ultimate Reality, and they have no existence apart from it.
I see no reason to accept your ultimate reality is either indistinguishable from reality or can exist without it. Something more substantial than assertion is needed to move beyond this.
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@Mopac
You're mistaken about the universe, reality, and/or truth being the realm of theology. What you're attempting to do is something akin to conflating "God" with geological strata and then considering theologians experts in geology. It doesn't work like that.
Other than this, I have said all that needs to be said about your argument.
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@Mopac
It is really hard to teach people who already think they know.
Indeed. I hear it is especially hard to teach when you pretend to have knowledge you lack. ;-p
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